From 09aa04b3c7419921a8514c8ad21ba02fd3a7ba70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: William Grant <williamgrantuk@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 13 May 2023 10:13:48 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] morse code generator
---
CMakeLists.txt | 1 +
morse/CMakeLists.txt | 14 ++
morse/morse.c | 412 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
rios/CMakeLists.txt | 2 +-
rios/main.c | 36 ++--
rios/rios.c | 54 ++++--
rios/rios.h | 2 -
7 files changed, 485 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 morse/CMakeLists.txt
create mode 100644 morse/morse.c
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 2bf669d..5145408 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
add_subdirectory(rios)
+add_subdirectory(morse)
diff --git a/morse/CMakeLists.txt b/morse/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..894e753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/morse/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+if (TARGET tinyusb_device)
+
+add_executable(morse morse.c)
+target_link_libraries(morse pico_stdlib hardware_pwm)
+
+pico_enable_stdio_usb(morse 1)
+pico_enable_stdio_uart(morse 0)
+
+pico_add_extra_outputs(morse)
+
+elseif(PICO_ON_DEVICE)
+ message(WARNING "cannot build morse because TinyUSB submodule is not initialised in the SDK")
+endif()
+
diff --git a/morse/morse.c b/morse/morse.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c47f6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/morse/morse.c
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "pico/stdlib.h"
+#include "hardware/pwm.h"
+
+// buffer sizes
+static const size_t MAX_CHARS = 100u;
+static const size_t MORSE_SIZE = MAX_CHARS * 6u;
+
+// the GPIO pin the buzzer is connected to
+static const unsigned int BUZZER = 18u;
+
+// the 'unit' time in miliseconds
+static const uint64_t UNIT_TIME = 50u;
+
+typedef enum {
+ SHORT_SPACE, // the space between letters, 7 time units long
+ LONG_SPACE, // the space between words, 3 time units long
+ DOT, // a dot, 1 time unit long
+ DASH // a dash, 3 time units long
+} morse_t;
+
+// enable I/O and configure the pwm
+static inline void setup() {
+ stdio_init_all();
+
+ gpio_set_function(BUZZER, GPIO_FUNC_PWM);
+ unsigned int slice = pwm_gpio_to_slice_num(BUZZER);
+ pwm_set_wrap(slice, 3);
+ pwm_set_chan_level(slice, PWM_CHAN_A, 0); // start with the buzzer disabled
+ pwm_set_enabled(slice, true);
+
+ sleep_ms(1000); // I've found it helps if you wait a bit for everything to get going
+}
+
+static inline void enable_buzzer() {
+ pwm_set_chan_level(pwm_gpio_to_slice_num(BUZZER), PWM_CHAN_A, 3); // 75% duty cycle
+}
+
+static inline void disable_buzzer() {
+ pwm_set_chan_level(pwm_gpio_to_slice_num(BUZZER), PWM_CHAN_A, 0); // 0% duty cycle (disabled)
+}
+
+// enable the buzzer, wait, then disable it again
+static inline void toggle_buzzer(uint64_t time) {
+ enable_buzzer();
+ sleep_ms(time);
+ disable_buzzer();
+}
+
+
+// convert the given string to morse code
+static size_t string_to_morse(morse_t* morse, char* string, size_t size) {
+ size_t n = 0;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+ switch (string[i]) {
+ case 'a':
+ case 'A':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'b':
+ case 'B':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'c':
+ case 'C':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'd':
+ case 'D':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'e':
+ case 'E':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'f':
+ case 'F':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'g':
+ case 'G':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'h':
+ case 'H':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'i':
+ case 'I':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'j':
+ case 'J':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'k':
+ case 'K':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'l':
+ case 'L':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'm':
+ case 'M':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'n':
+ case 'N':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'o':
+ case 'O':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'p':
+ case 'P':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 'q':
+ case 'Q':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'r':
+ case 'R':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 's':
+ case 'S':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case 't':
+ case 'T':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'u':
+ case 'U':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'v':
+ case 'V':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'w':
+ case 'W':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'x':
+ case 'X':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'y':
+ case 'Y':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case 'z':
+ case 'Z':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case '1':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case '2':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case '3':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case '4':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ case '5':
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case '6':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case '7':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case '8':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case '9':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DOT;
+ break;
+
+ case '0':
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ morse[n++] = DASH;
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ break; // skip unknown charaters
+ }
+
+ if (string[i] == ' ') {
+ // avoid double and leading spaces
+ if (n > 0u && morse[n - 1u] == SHORT_SPACE) {
+ morse[n - 1u] = LONG_SPACE;
+ }
+ } else {
+ morse[n++] = SHORT_SPACE;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return n;
+}
+
+// print the morse code to the terminal and play it with the buzzer
+static void play_morse(morse_t* morse, size_t size) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+ switch (morse[i]) {
+ case SHORT_SPACE:
+ putchar(' ');
+ sleep_ms(UNIT_TIME * 2u);
+ break;
+
+ case LONG_SPACE:
+ printf(" // ");
+ sleep_ms(UNIT_TIME * 6u);
+ break;
+
+ case DOT:
+ putchar('.');
+ toggle_buzzer(UNIT_TIME);
+ break;
+
+ case DASH:
+ putchar('-');
+ toggle_buzzer(UNIT_TIME * 3u);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ sleep_ms(UNIT_TIME);
+ }
+
+ putchar('\n');
+}
+
+// get a line of input from the user
+static size_t get_line(char* buf, size_t size) {
+ size_t i;
+
+ printf(">> ");
+ for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+ char c = getchar();
+ if (c == EOF || c == '\r' || c == '\n') {
+ putchar('\n');
+ buf[i] = '\0';
+ break;
+ } else {
+ putchar(c);
+ buf[i] = c;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return i;
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+ setup();
+
+ char* char_buf = malloc(sizeof(char) * MAX_CHARS);
+ morse_t* morse_buf = malloc(sizeof(morse_t) * MORSE_SIZE);
+ if (char_buf == NULL || morse_buf == NULL) {
+ perror("could not allocate buffers");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ while (true) {
+ // read a line from input
+ size_t char_size = get_line(char_buf, MAX_CHARS);
+
+ // output line as morse code
+ size_t morse_size = string_to_morse(morse_buf, char_buf, char_size);
+ play_morse(morse_buf, morse_size);
+ }
+}
+
diff --git a/rios/CMakeLists.txt b/rios/CMakeLists.txt
index 1b2f2a2..afdcbe8 100644
--- a/rios/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/rios/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
if (TARGET tinyusb_device)
add_library(rios STATIC rios.c rios.h)
-target_link_libraries(rios hardware_irq)
+target_link_libraries(rios hardware_irq pico_stdlib)
add_executable(rios_main main.c)
target_link_libraries(rios_main rios pico_stdlib)
diff --git a/rios/main.c b/rios/main.c
index 1aaaf1d..d044fac 100644
--- a/rios/main.c
+++ b/rios/main.c
@@ -1,39 +1,47 @@
#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
#include "pico/stdlib.h"
#include "rios.h"
static uint32_t task1(uint32_t state) {
- printf("[T1%d<", state);
+ printf("[T1 %d<", state);
sleep_ms(20);
- printf(">T1%d]", state);
+ printf(">T1 %d]", state);
+
return ++state;
}
static uint32_t task2(uint32_t state) {
- printf("[T2%d<", state);
+ printf("[T2 %d<", state);
sleep_ms(600);
- printf(">T2%d]", state);
+ printf(">T2 %d]", state);
+
return ++state;
}
static uint32_t task3(uint32_t state) {
- printf("[T3%d<", state);
+ printf("[T3 %d<", state);
sleep_ms(2000);
- printf(">T3%d]", state);
+ printf(">T3 %d]", state);
+
return ++state;
}
-static inline void init(void) {
+int main(void) {
stdio_init_all();
- rios_init();
-}
+ sleep_ms(1000);
+ printf("stdio initialised\n");
-int main(void) {
- init();
+ rios_add_task(250u, 0u, task1);
+ rios_add_task(750u, 0u, task2);
+ rios_add_task(1500u, 0u, task3);
+ printf("tasks added\n");
- rios_add_task(29u, 0u, task1);
- rios_add_task(77u, 0u, task2);
- rios_add_task(162u, 0u, task3);
rios_start();
+ printf("rios started\n");
+
+ while (true) {}
+
+ return 0;
}
diff --git a/rios/rios.c b/rios/rios.c
index 0d39456..30cd346 100644
--- a/rios/rios.c
+++ b/rios/rios.c
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "pico/stdlib.h"
+#include "hardware/sync.h"
#include "hardware/irq.h"
typedef struct {
@@ -13,7 +16,7 @@ typedef struct {
} task_data_t;
static const uint32_t tick_ms = 400u; // Real time between ticks in ms
-static const uint32_t tasks_period_GCD = 25u; // Timer tick rate
+static uint32_t tasks_period_GCD; // Timer tick rate
static task_data_t tasks[RIOS_MAX_TASKS];
static uint32_t tasks_index = 0u;
@@ -22,44 +25,45 @@ static uint32_t running_tasks[RIOS_MAX_TASKS+1] = {UINT32_MAX};
static uint32_t current_task = 0u;
static const uint32_t idle_task = UINT32_MAX;
-static const uint irq_num = 0u;
-
-static inline void enable_irq(void) {
- irq_set_enabled(irq_num, true);
+static uint32_t gcd(uint32_t x, uint32_t y) {
+ while (y != 0) {
+ uint32_t t = y;
+ y = x % y;
+ x = t;
+ }
+ return x;
}
-static inline void disable_irq(void) {
- irq_set_enabled(irq_num, false);
-}
+static int64_t scheduler_isr(alarm_id_t id, void* data) {
+ printf("running scheduler\n");
-static void scheduler_isr(void) {
for (uint32_t i = 0u; i < tasks_index; ++i) {
+
if ((tasks[i].elapsed_time >= tasks[i].period)
&& (running_tasks[current_task] > i)
&& (!tasks[i].running)) {
-
- disable_irq();
+
+ printf("running task %d, %d, %p\n", tasks[i].period, tasks[i].state, tasks[i].tick_func);
+ uint32_t flags = save_and_disable_interrupts();
tasks[i].elapsed_time = 0u;
tasks[i].running = true;
++current_task;
running_tasks[current_task] = i;
- enable_irq();
+ restore_interrupts(flags);
tasks[i].state = tasks[i].tick_func(tasks[i].state); // execute tick
- disable_irq();
+ flags = save_and_disable_interrupts();
tasks[i].running = false;
running_tasks[current_task] = idle_task;
--current_task;
- enable_irq();
+ restore_interrupts(flags);
}
tasks[i].elapsed_time += tasks_period_GCD;
}
-}
-void rios_init(void) {
- irq_set_exclusive_handler(irq_num, scheduler_isr);
- enable_irq();
+ printf("scheduler finished\n");
+ return tasks_period_GCD; // re-arm the alarm
}
void rios_add_task(uint32_t period, uint32_t initial_state, rios_task_t task) {
@@ -69,11 +73,23 @@ void rios_add_task(uint32_t period, uint32_t initial_state, rios_task_t task) {
.elapsed_time = period,
.tick_func = task };
tasks[tasks_index] = task_data;
+ printf("task %d, %d, %p added\n", period, initial_state, task);
+
+ // update the timer tick rate
+ if (tasks_index == 0u) {
+ tasks_period_GCD = period;
+ } else {
+ tasks_period_GCD = gcd(tasks_period_GCD, period);
+ }
+ printf("tasks_period_GCD: %d\n", tasks_period_GCD);
++tasks_index;
}
+
void rios_start(void) {
- enable_irq();
+ alarm_pool_t* alarm_pool = alarm_pool_create(2, 16);
+ irq_set_priority(2, 0xc0);
+ alarm_pool_add_alarm_in_ms(alarm_pool, tasks_period_GCD, scheduler_isr, NULL, false);
}
diff --git a/rios/rios.h b/rios/rios.h
index 696435d..7324189 100644
--- a/rios/rios.h
+++ b/rios/rios.h
@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@
typedef uint32_t (*rios_task_t)(uint32_t state);
-void rios_init(void);
-
void rios_add_task(uint32_t period, uint32_t initial_state, rios_task_t task);
void rios_start(void);
--
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